Instrumentos de valoración en enfermería cardiovascular / Assessment Tools in Cardiovascular Nursing

RESUMEN Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la mayor causa de muerte e incapacidad en el mundo. La enfermera, en su práctica, debe contribuir desde su quehacer al bienestar, seguimiento y control de las personas que experimentan enfermedades cardiovasculares, pero desde intervenciones que estén orientadas a los fenómenos propios de la disciplina, como la adaptación o el autocuidado. Para lograr su propósito, debe disponer de instrumentos validados y orientados a estos fenómenos. Objetivo: Describir los instrumentos de enfermería validados para la valoración de fenómenos propios de la disciplina en las personas que experimentan enfermedades cardiovasculares. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos primarios durante los meses de abril a septiembre de 2017 en Lilacs/BIREME, EBSCO, Pubmed/MEDLINE y Science Direct con los términos "enfermería", "cardiovascular", "instrumento", "escala" o "herramienta", en idioma español, inglés y portugués, y publicados entre el año 2000 y el 2016. Se construyó una base de datos con información de los estudios incluidos y se integró la información de forma narrativa. Conclusiones: Se identificaron 14 instrumentos de enfermería validados que permiten valorar los fenómenos de autocuidado, adherencia a tratamientos y calidad de vida. Se utilizaron técnicas de validación de contenido y de constructo y medición de la confiabilidad. Los instrumentos identificados favorecen la práctica diaria de los profesionales de enfermería, contribuyen con la valoración de fenómenos que pueden ser intervenidos por la enfermera de manera independiente para dar respuesta a las necesidades específicas de las personas con enfermedades cardiovasculares(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Nurses, in their practice and with their work, should contribute to the well-being, monitoring and control of people who experience cardiovascular diseases, but from interventions oriented to the phenomena of the discipline, such as adaptation or self-care. To achieve its purpose, it must have tools validated and oriented to these phenomena. Objective: To describe the nursing instruments validated for the evaluation of phenomena characteristic of the discipline in people experiencing cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Comprehensive literature review. A search of primary articles was carried out during the months from April to September 2017 in Lilacs/BIREME, EBSCO, Pubmed/MEDLINE, and Science Direct, using the terms enfermería [nursing], cardiovascular [cardiovascular], instrumento [instrument], escala [scale] or herramienta [tool], in Spanish, English and Portuguese, and published between 2000 and 2016. A database was built with information about the included studies, which was integrated narratively. Conclusions: 14 validated nursing instruments were identified that allow to assess the phenomena of self-care, adherence to treatments and quality of life. Content and construct validation techniques and reliability measurement were used. The instruments identified favor the daily practice of nursing professionals, and contribute to the assessment of phenomena that can be intervened independently by the nurse in order to respond to the specific needs of people with cardiovascular diseases(AU)

Biofilm en infecciones endodónticas

El propósito de este articulo es realizar una revisión de literatura para reconocer cómo las bacteriasrealizan la formación del biofilm, la estructura y su relación con las infecciones endodónticas.

Update on brow and forehead lifting.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to provide the latest findings in the constantly changing field of brow and forehead lifting. Significant articles published in the last 24 months are reviewed and discussed based on the personal experience of the senior author (F.P.). RECENT FINDINGS: Important anatomical findings have been made over the last few years which will have an impact on plastic surgery of the upper third of the face, with new ligamentous structures of the forehead and more precise landmarks of the supraorbital neurovascular bundle being described. The short-term efficacy of a new device for periosteal fixation has been evaluated and new data have been collated about the time required for forehead periosteal readhesion. SUMMARY: In the last few years there have been important anatomical findings which will allow the development of more detailed and safe techniques for forehead lift surgery. New absorbable materials are available that allow efficient mechanical fixation of the soft tissues. The senior author of this review has extensive personal experience involving more than 400 cases. In addition to commenting on recent articles, we detail the methods we have used over the last 8 years, especially regarding the fixation technique.